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section.main .reading #reading-selector{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector{display:block;padding:4px 0 8px 0;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:5500000}}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector .label{cursor:pointer;padding-right:16px;padding-left:12px}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector .label .tick{display:inline-block;float:right;font-size:12px;padding:9px 4px 0 0}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector ul{display:none}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open .label{padding-bottom:10px}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open .label .tick{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-moz-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);-o-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);padding:0 0 4px 4px}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul{display:block;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul li{border-bottom:1px solid #333;padding:0.5rem 0;padding:8px 16px 8px 12px;margin:0}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul li a{display:block;text-decoration:none}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul li.more{font-size:0.9em}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul li.more .ss-icon{font-size:14px}#banner section.main .reading #reading-selector.open ul li.subhed{border-bottom:4px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);font-size:1.2em;padding-top:20px}#banner section.main .tools{float:right;position:relative;top:3px}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools{top:11px}}#banner section.main .tools ul{margin:0;padding:0;float:left}#banner section.main .tools ul.social{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul.social{display:block;margin-right:10px}}#banner section.main .tools ul.social li:nth-child(3){display:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul.social li:nth-child(3){display:inline-block}}#banner section.main .tools ul li{font-size:18px;display:inline-block;padding:0 8px;float:left;margin:0;height:18px}#banner section.main .tools ul li:first-child{border-left:none}#banner section.main .tools ul li:last-child{padding-right:0}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul li:last-child{padding-right:8px}}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in{top:-5px !important;font-size:0.875rem;display:block;float:none;margin-right:10px}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in{top:auto !important}}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info{position:relative}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info #loginuser-img{display:inline}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .avatar{height:28px;width:28px;border-radius:50%;margin-right:5px;cursor:pointer;box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;font-size:1rem;line-height:22px;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .avatar{height:50px;width:50px;line-height:44px;font-size:2rem;margin-right:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info img.user-img{border:2px solid #fff}}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info i{font-size:0.625rem;cursor:pointer}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .user-actions{position:absolute;top:23px;right:0;padding:0;max-height:0;width:100px;background-color:#fff;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 10px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);box-shadow:0 0 10px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);-webkit-transition:all 0.1s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.1s ease 0s;transition:all 0.1s ease 0s;visibility:hidden;overflow:hidden}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .user-actions{top:32px}}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .user-actions.open{-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.3s ease 0s;transition:all 0.3s ease 0s;visibility:visible;padding:15px 0;max-height:300px}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .user-actions li{font-size:0.875rem;height:1.5rem;line-height:1.5rem;display:block;float:none;top:0;padding:0}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-in .user-info .user-actions li a{display:block;padding:0 10px;top:0;float:none}#banner section.main .tools ul li.signed-out{font-size:0.875rem;padding:0 8px}#banner section.main .tools ul li a{display:inline-block;position:relative;top:-2px;text-decoration:none}#banner section.tools-expand{max-height:0;padding:0 10px;position:relative;top:-55px;-webkit-transition:max-height 0.3s ease 0s,top 0.3s ease 0s,padding 0.3s ease 0s;-moz-transition:max-height 0.3s ease 0s,top 0.3s ease 0s,padding 0.3s ease 0s;transition:max-height 0.3s ease 0s,top 0.3s ease 0s,padding 0.3s ease 0s}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){#banner section.tools-expand{max-width:970px;margin:0 auto}}.lt-ie9 #banner section.tools-expand{width:970px}#banner section.tools-expand form.search{display:none}#banner section.tools-expand form.search button{border:0;padding:0;margin:0;background:transparent;margin:0 20px 0 -30px}#banner section.tools-expand .user{display:none}#banner section.tools-expand.search form.search{display:block}#banner section.tools-expand.user div.user{display:block}#banner section.tools-expand input[type=text]{width:80%;width:-webkit-calc(100% - 140px);width:-moz-calc(100% - 140px);width:calc(100% - 140px);border-radius:3px}#banner section.tools-expand input[type=submit]{padding:4px 7px;text-decoration:none;font-size:1.1rem;color:#fff;background:#ddd;border-radius:3px;font-weight:700;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;width:auto;margin:0;box-shadow:none}#banner section.tools-expand .ui-autocomplete{cursor:default;border:1px solid #e5e5e5 !important;border-radius:0;border-top:2px solid #eee !important;box-shadow:0px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);left:0 !important;margin-top:10px;top:auto !important;padding:5px 0;width:100% !important;z-index:5500000 !important;background-color:#ffffff;position:absolute}#banner section.tools-expand .ui-autocomplete li{color:#666;font-size:0.9375rem;list-style:none}#banner section.tools-expand .ui-autocomplete li a{display:block;padding:5px;color:#000}#banner section.tools-expand .ui-autocomplete li a.ui-state-focus{border:0 none}#banner section.tools-expand .search-suggest{font-size:0.75rem;font-weight:bold;color:#999;margin:10px 0 0 72px;text-transform:uppercase;display:none}#banner.expand-open section.main .reading{top:130px}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner.expand-open section.main .reading{top:13px}}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand{max-height:100px;padding:10px 10px;top:0}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar{max-height:500px;max-width:none;margin:0;padding:0;-webkit-transition:max-height 0s ease 0s,top 0s ease 0s,padding 0s ease 0s;-moz-transition:max-height 0s ease 0s,top 0s ease 0s,padding 0s ease 0s;transition:max-height 0s ease 0s,top 0s ease 0s,padding 0s ease 0s}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar .fixed-search-wrapper{padding:15px 10px;width:95%;width:-webkit-calc(100% - 20px);width:-moz-calc(100% - 20px);width:calc(100% - 20px)}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar .fixed-search-wrapper{padding:20px;width:95%;width:-webkit-calc(100% - 40px);width:-moz-calc(100% - 40px);width:calc(100% - 40px)}}.fixed-search-scroll #banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar .fixed-search-wrapper{position:fixed;top:0;z-index:1400000}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar .fixed-search-wrapper form{margin:0 auto}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand.fixed-bar .fixed-search-wrapper form{max-width:970px}}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand .ui-helper-hidden{display:none}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand .ui-helper-hidden-accessible{border:0 none;clip:rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand .search-intro{margin:0 auto;padding:20px}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){#banner.expand-open section.tools-expand .search-intro{max-width:970px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#page-wrapper{padding-top:0.9rem}}html,body{height:100%}#banner{*zoom:1}#banner:before,#banner:after{content:" ";display:table}#banner:after{clear:both}#banner nav.main{box-shadow:0 0 5px rgba(37,37,37,0.75);box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;height:auto;left:-100%;padding:0;top:95px;position:absolute;width:280px;z-index:5500000;-webkit-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;-moz-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;transition:left 0.5s ease 0;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-perspective:1000;-moz-perspective:1000;perspective:1000;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0)}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner nav.main{width:310px;top:108px}}#banner nav.main ul{margin:0;padding:0 10px;padding:0;position:relative;width:280px}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner nav.main ul{width:310px}}#banner nav.main ul>li{font-size:1rem;font-weight:bold;height:36px;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;background-color:#ccc}#banner nav.main ul>li a{display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;padding:7px 10px;width:80%;width:-webkit-calc(100% - 20px);width:-moz-calc(100% - 20px);width:calc(100% - 20px)}#banner nav.main ul>li a span{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner nav.main ul>li a span{display:inline-block;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;height:36px;line-height:36px;padding:0 10px 0 20px}}#banner nav.main ul>li ul{position:absolute;margin:0;padding:0;top:-1px;-webkit-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;-moz-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;transition:left 0.5s ease 0;width:280px;left:0;display:none;z-index:-1}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner nav.main ul>li ul{width:310px;display:block;left:-310px}}#banner nav.main ul>li ul li{height:auto;padding-left:0;background-color:#999}#banner nav.main ul>li ul li:first-child a{text-transform:uppercase}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){#banner nav.main ul>li.nav-open ul{left:310px}}#banner nav.main ul.primary,#banner nav.main ul.secondary{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-perspective:1000;-moz-perspective:1000;perspective:1000;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-webkit-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;-moz-transition:left 0.5s ease 0;transition:left 0.5s ease 0}#banner nav.main ul.secondary{padding-top:0}#banner nav.main ul.secondary li{font-weight:normal;border:0 none}#banner nav.main ul.secondary li:first-child{border-top:none}#banner.nav-open nav.main{left:0}section[role="main"] article .byline address{display:inline-block}footer{clear:both;text-align:center}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer{text-align:left}}footer .brand{padding:1.2em 0.625em 0 0.625em}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){footer .brand{max-width:970px;margin:0 auto}}footer .brand .logo{display:inline-block;text-indent:-314159px;text-indent:-19634.9375em;float:none;display:block}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .logo{float:left;display:inline-block}}footer .brand .tagline{display:none;max-width:33%;color:#fff;font-size:13.6px;line-height:16px;font-size:0.85rem;line-height:1.0rem;font-weight:400;border-left:1px solid #eee;margin:0 0 0 1.0em;padding:0 0 0 1.0em}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .tagline{display:inline-block}}footer .brand .follow{float:none;clear:both;text-align:center}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .follow{float:right;clear:none;text-align:right}}footer .brand .follow label{display:none;color:#fff;text-transform:uppercase;float:left}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .follow label{display:inline-block}}footer .brand .follow ul{list-style:none;float:none;padding:0;margin:0.35rem auto 0 auto}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .follow ul{float:right;margin:0.35rem 0 0 0.5rem}}.lt-ie9 footer .brand .follow ul{margin:0.35em auto 0 auto}footer .brand .follow ul li{display:inline-block;float:none;clear:none;padding:0 0.75rem;border-right:1px solid #eee;line-height:1.0rem}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .brand .follow ul li{float:left}}.lt-ie9 footer .brand .follow ul li{line-height:16px;padding:0 0.75em}footer .brand .follow ul li:last-child{border-right:none;padding-right:0}footer .brand .follow ul li a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}footer .topics{float:left;padding:1rem 10px 1.5rem}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .topics{float:none}}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){footer .topics{max-width:970px;margin:0 auto}}footer .topics .lt-ie9{padding:16px 10px 24px}footer .topics nav{*zoom:1;max-width:60.625rem;width:100%}footer .topics nav:before,footer .topics nav:after{content:" ";display:table}footer .topics nav:after{clear:both}.lt-ie9 footer .topics nav{width:970px}footer .topics nav ul{float:left;margin:0;padding:0;display:inline;float:none;width:auto}footer .topics nav ul:last-child li:last-child::after{content:none;padding-left:0}footer .topics nav ul li{list-style:none;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0;display:inline-block;padding:0 10px 0 10px}.lt-ie9 footer .topics nav ul li{margin:0 0 4px 0}footer .topics nav ul li::after{content:none;padding-left:10px;position:relative;color:#fff}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .topics nav ul li::after{content:"\00B7"}}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .topics nav ul li{padding:0 10px 0 0}}footer .topics nav ul li a{text-decoration:none}footer .topics nav.primary{margin-bottom:0.5em}footer .topics nav.secondary{font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem}footer .topics #ft1{margin-bottom:0.5em}footer .topics #ft2{font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem}footer .about{clear:left;background:#eee;padding:1rem 0;overflow:hidden}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .about{padding:1rem 0.5rem}}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){footer .about{float:none;padding:1rem 0}}.lt-ie9 footer .about{padding:16px 0}footer .about .wrapper{max-width:970px;margin:0 auto}footer .about nav{*zoom:1}footer .about nav:before,footer .about nav:after{content:" ";display:table}footer .about nav:after{clear:both}footer .about nav ul{float:left;margin:0;padding:0;display:inline;float:none;width:auto}footer .about nav ul:last-child li:last-child::after{content:none;padding-left:0;border-right:none}footer .about nav ul li{list-style:none;margin:0 0 0.25rem 0;border-right:none;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:0.75rem;display:inline-block;padding:0 0.75rem 0.25rem 0.75rem}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .about nav ul li{border-right:1px solid #ddd}}.lt-ie9 footer .about nav ul li{margin:0 0 4px 0;padding:0 12px 4px 12px}footer .about nav ul li a{text-decoration:none}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .about nav ul li:first-child{padding-left:0}}footer .about nav ul li:last-child{border-right:none}footer .about #ft3{font-size:0.875rem;float:left;clear:none}footer .about .idg-network{float:left;clear:none;width:93%;margin:0.75em 0.75em 0 0.75em}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .about .idg-network{width:40%;margin:0.75em 0 0 0}}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){footer .about .idg-network{float:right;clear:none;width:25%;margin:0}}footer .copyright{font-size:12px;color:#aaa;padding:1.5em 1em}footer .copyright .wrapper{max-width:970px;margin:0 auto}footer .copyright .network{display:block;position:relative;float:none;width:275px;background:#fff;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #ccc;-moz-box-shadow:0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);font-size:14px;font-size:0.85rem;color:#333;margin:1.0rem auto 1.0rem auto;text-align:left;-webkit-transition:top 0.5s ease 0;-moz-transition:top 0.5s ease 0;transition:top 0.5s ease 0}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .copyright .network{width:225px;float:right;margin-top:-1.3rem}}@media only screen and (min-width: 60.625em){footer .copyright .network{margin-top:-4.7rem}}.lt-ie9 footer .copyright .network{margin:16px auto 16px auto}footer .copyright .network #network-selector{padding:4px 4px 4px 8px;position:relative;background:#fff;border-radius:3px}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .copyright .network #network-selector{position:static}}footer .copyright .network #network-selector .label{cursor:pointer}footer .copyright .network #network-selector .label .tick{display:inline-block;float:right;font-size:11px;padding:3px 3px 0 0}footer .copyright .network #network-selector ul{display:none}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open{position:absolute;bottom:1%;z-index:5500000;width:263px;padding-bottom:30px;margin-bottom:-1.7rem;-moz-box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.25)}@media only screen and (min-width: 48em){footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open{width:213px}}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open .label{position:absolute;bottom:0;padding-bottom:5px;width:90%}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open .label .tick{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-moz-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);-o-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);margin-right:-8px}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul{display:block;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul li{padding:0.18rem 0;margin:0}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul li a{text-decoration:none}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul li.more{font-size:0.9em}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul li.more .ss-icon{font-size:14px}footer .copyright .network #network-selector.open ul li.subhed{border-bottom:1px solid #FFF;font-size:1.2em;padding-top:10px}