Cisco vs. HP vs. IBM vs. Dell

Network World - Cisco used to be a networking company, pure and simple. It built its dominance and influence on capturing a dominant market position in routers and switches, both in the enterprise and in service provider networks.

HP was a longtime partner of Cisco's, reselling the company's routers and switches along with its data center servers and storage, enterprise PCs and printers. Dell was too, but to a much less extent than HP or IBM.

It was revenue for all involved, a symbiotic union.

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Yet Cisco's success and ambitions made it both admired and reviled in the industry. Until 1997, there was no alternative to Cisco as a supplier of routers to service providers. And with the Internet and its potential beginning to be realized, Cisco was in the catbird's seat.

Cisco could dictate terms, and customers as well as partners had nowhere to turn. Some large telecom vendors then funded the formation of Juniper, a company established exclusively to compete with Cisco in service provider routing. Over the ensuing years, Juniper captured 30% of a market that Cisco owned.

As the routing and switching markets matured and growth slowed but remained steady, Cisco looked to branch out into "adjacent" markets to accelerate growth. One of those markets was the data center, where Cisco had an established beachhead in networking yet saw an opportunity to branch into storage and then servers.

Virtualization was Cisco's game, and it saw the technology as a way to bridge its data center networking dominance into the compute and storage arenas. So Cisco entered the SAN market first, then later the server market, evangelized a technology for running storage over Ethernet - its bread-and-butter - put this in its new servers and switches, and became a data center IT infrastructure player.

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This, of course, hit HP, Dell and IBM in the gut. HP responded by resuscitating its neglected ProCurve networking business, and then acquiring longtime Cisco rival 3Com for almost $3 billion. HP even ripped out its internal Cisco network and replaced it with a 3Com/ProCurve hybrid.

Dell strengthened its OEM ties to Brocade - which, in addition to SANs, had just acquired Ethernet switch maker Foundry Networks - and then acquired high-performance switching vendor Force10 Networks to fill out its own data center networking portfolio. IBM became tighter with Cisco router rival Juniper Networks, helping Juniper develop its QFabric data center and cloud fabric switches and OEMing Juniper's switches and routers; and then acquired data center blade switch company BLADE Network Technologies, a Cisco competitor in that market niche.