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IDG News Service - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is wrapping up work on an Energy Star program for data centers that it hopes to launch in June, EPA officials said this week.

The goals of the program are to give organizations more incentive to improve the energy efficiency of their data centers, and also give them a way to track the results of efficiency projects over time, said the EPA's Alexandra Sullivan, who described the program Thursday at the Green Grid data center conference in San Jose, California.

Data centers that take part will use an online tool that ranks their efficiency on a scale of 1 to 100. Those that score 75 or higher can request an audit from the EPA, which then awards the Energy Star certification.

The EPA has become increasingly active in data centers. It already has an Energy Star program for x86 servers, a program for storage equipment is underway, and on Thursday it said it had started work on an Energy Star program for uninterruptable power supplies, or UPS systems.

Those programs are designed to help companies choose energy-efficient products. The data center program is different in that it is more incentive-based. With public awareness about environmental issues so high, the EPA hopes companies will see an Energy Star rating as a potential marketing tool.

The EPA already rates the energy efficiency of 18 types of buildings, including offices and hospitals. The main criteria for those are floor space and hours of operation, but it needed a different system for data centers.

The measurement will be based largely on PUE (power usage effectiveness), which measures the total power supplied to a data center, divided by the amount that actually reaches IT equipment, rather than being lost to cooling systems and inefficient power supplies.

The EPA will also take into account the energy output from the UPS systems. That means that while data centers with good PUE scores will tend to get higher rankings, PUE will not be the only factor, Sullivan said.

The program is likely to stir some debate. Some attendees at the Green Grid event were surprised other criteria won't be included, such as whether a data center is located in a cool or warm climate, or the level of redundancy it provides.

"You have to take the environment into account because it's easier to have a low PUE score if you're in a cold climate," said Don Klein, vice president of marketing and business development with Modius, which makes tools for measuring data-center energy use.

Not so, according to Sullivan. The EPA analyzed data from 108 data centers and determined that only the UPS output needs to be taken into account.