Judge rules Google must give up index data

IDG News Service - In a highly anticipated decision, a federal judge ruled today that Google Inc. has to provide the U.S. government with information about its search engine's index, but it denied a request for a sample of search queries.

The case highlights the tension between online user privacy and law enforcement needs.

Judge James Ware of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California wrote in his decision that Google must provide the government with 50,000 Web addresses in its search-engine index.

Google should "confer" with the government to develop a protocol to randomly select and provide the URLs from its index, but to comply with the order, Google doesn't have to disclose proprietary information about its Web site address database, the judge wrote.

Moreover, the government needs to pay Google for the cost of producing this data, and the data will be kept under wraps by the court's order.

Finally, the government's request for a sample of search queries filed by Google users was denied.

"This is a clear victory for our users. The subpoena has been drastically limited; most importantly the order excludes search queries," said Nicole Wong, Google's associate general counsel, in a statement Friday.

In January, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a motion asking the court to force Google to comply with a subpoena seeking usage and index data from its search engine.

During a hearing on Tuesday, March 14, Judge Ware said he was leaning toward requiring Google to turn over at least some of the search-engine usage records the DOJ wanted.

At that hearing, DOJ attorneys disclosed that the government had significantly shrunk the scope of its original request to 50,000 URLs and 5,000 search queries.

In its subpoena, served last year, the government asked for a random sample of 1 million Web site addresses from Google's search-engine index and for the text of all queries filed during a specific week.

Google refused to comply with the subpoena, citing, among other things, concern over its users' privacy. The government has contended throughout that it isn't interested in any data that would identify individual users.

Google also cited concerns that complying would compromise trade secrets and would place an "undue burden" on the company -- objections the government characterized as groundless.

This action against Google is part of a broader attempt by the DOJ to defend the Child Online Protection Act (COPA) law, whose constitutionality has so far been successfully challenged by the American Civil Liberties Union in ongoing litigation.